MicroCloud Hologram Inc. (HOLO)

Market capitalization (Market Cap) represents the total value of a company's outstanding shares of stock. It is a quick way to measure the size and market value of a company.

Why is it important? Market Cap helps investors categorize companies into different sizes (e.g., small-cap, mid-cap, large-cap), which often correlates with growth potential and risk.

How it's calculated Market Cap = Current Stock Price x Total Outstanding Shares (Shares in existence)

Revenue is the total amount of money a company earns from its business operations, including sales of goods or services.

Why is it important? Revenue shows the scale of a company's operations and serves as a baseline for evaluating profitability, growth, and efficiency.

The price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) is a valuation metric that compares a company's current share price to its earnings per share (EPS). It is a simple and widely used indicator of a stock's relative value.

Why is it important? The P/E ratio helps investors assess whether a stock is overvalued or undervalued compared to its peers or the market as a whole.

The Price-to-Book (P/B) ratio compares a company's market price to its book value (total assets minus total liabilities) per share.

Why is it important? This metric helps identify undervalued (3 or under) or overvalued (over 5) companies based on their balance sheet assets.

How it's calculated P/B Ratio = Current Stock Price ÷ Book Value Per Share

The Debt-to-Equity (D/E) ratio measures a company's financial leverage by comparing its total debt to shareholder equity.

Why is it important? It indicates how much of the company's operations are funded by debt versus equity, which can reveal financial stability (under 1x) or risk (over 2x).

How it's calculated D/E Ratio = Total Liabilities ÷ Shareholder Equity

Dividend Yield is the annual dividend payment a company offers as a percentage of its current stock price.

Why is it important? It helps investors assess the income-generating potential of a stock relative to its price.

How it's calculated Dividend Yield = (Annual Dividends Per Share ÷ Current Stock Price) x 100